Laser processing uses the energy of light to focus on the lens to achieve a high energy density in the focus, which is processed by the photothermal effect. laser pointer processing requires no tools, fast processing speed, small surface deformation, and can process various materials.
The laser beam is used to perform various processing on the material, such as punching, cutting, dicing, welding, heat treatment, and the like. Some substances with metastable energy levels absorb light energy under the excitation of a foreign laser pointer, so that the number of atoms in the high energy level is greater than the number of low energy atoms - the number of particles is reversed, if there is a beam of light, the photon The energy is equal to the difference between the two, and then stimulated radiation is generated, and a large amount of light energy is output.
Laser technology is a comprehensive technology involving many disciplines such as light, machine, electricity, materials and testing. Traditionally, its research scope can be generally divided into the following nine aspects:
1. Laser processing system. Including laser pointer, light guiding system, processing machine, control system and detection system;
2. Laser processing technology. Including welding, surface treatment, drilling, marking, fine-tuning and other processing techniques;
3, laser welding: automotive body thickness plates, automotive parts, lithium batteries, cardiac pacemakers, sealed relays and other sealing devices and a variety of devices that do not allow welding contamination and deformation. The lasers used are YAG lasers, CO2 lasers and semiconductor pump lasers;
4, laser cutting: automotive industry, computer, electrical casing, wood knife mold industry, cutting of various metal parts and special materials, circular saw blades, acrylic, spring gaskets, copper plates for electronic parts below 2mm, Some metal mesh plates, steel pipes, tinplate, plated lead steel, phosphor bronze, bakelite, thin aluminum alloy, quartz glass, silicone rubber, alumina ceramics below 1mm, titanium alloy used in the aerospace industry, etc. The laser is used with a YAG laser and a CO2 laser;
5, laser marking: widely used in a variety of materials and almost all industries, the use of lasers are YAG lasers, CO2 lasers and semiconductor pump lasers;
6, laser pointer punching: laser drilling is mainly used in aerospace, automotive, electronic instrumentation, chemical and other industries. With the rapid development of laser drilling, the average output power of the main body punching YAG laser has been increased from 400w to 800w to 1000w. The more mature laser pointer punching applications in the country are in the production of synthetic diamond and natural diamond wire drawing dies and the production of watches and instruments in gemstone bearings, aircraft blades, multilayer printed circuit boards and other industries. The lasers used are mainly YAG lasers and CO2 lasers, and some excimer lasers, isotope lasers and semiconductor pump lasers;
7. Laser heat treatment: It is widely used in the automotive industry, such as cylinder liner, crankshaft, piston ring, commutator, gear and other parts. It is also widely used in aerospace, machine tool industry and other machinery industries. The application of laser heat treatment in China is much wider than that in foreign countries. The lasers used are mostly YAG lasers and CO2 lasers;
8, laser rapid prototyping: the combination of laser processing technology and computer numerical control technology and flexible manufacturing technology, mostly used in the mold and model industry. Most of the lasers used are YAG lasers and CO2 lasers;
9, laser coating: widely used in aerospace, mold and electromechanical industries. Most of the lasers used are high-power YAG lasers and CO2 lasers.
Laser processing provides a clean, pollution-free environment and production process for industrial manufacturing, and this is the biggest advantage of current laser processing.